greenough



2 Sheets-$heet 1.

J. J. GREENOUGH. Sewing Machine.

No. 2,466. Patented Feb. 21. 1842.

N, PETERS Pholounmgnpher, Wnhi n nnnnn c.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. J. GREENOUGH.

Sewing Machine.

Patented Feb. 21. 1842.

mm. Washington. 11cv Drawing No. 1 is an isometrical machine, together with the stop-motion; Fig.

i with the spring; Fig. 5, clamp-motion; Fig. 6,

the top of these standards are fastened two each side at right angles to the ribs, and susof gear with the shaft by means of the common screws, so as to be adjustable;

- may be placed at c, as in the drawings, or at UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFIc MACHINE FOR SEWING 0R STITCHING ALL-KINDS 0F STRAIGHT S EAMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 2,466, dated February To all whom it mag concern: 7 V

Be it known that I, J. J AMES. GREENOUGH, of the city of Washington, District of Columbia," have invented a new and-useful Machine for Sewing or Stitching all Kinds of Straight Seams, &c.; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull and exact description thereof, 3 reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, making a part of thesame. y

View: of themachine. Drawing N o. 2: Figure 1 is a vertical cross-section; Fig. 2, a side view; Fig. 3, a cross-section of. another modification of the 4, a modification of the pinchers, dispensing diagrams of the thread of the worm-wheel; Fig. 7, needles. 7

The letters of reference are the same on all the figures.

frame is constructed with two outside standards, A, connected by a brace, A. 0n

ribs, A A, beveledon their inner edges, between which the clamp A plays. This clamp is of similar construction to those now used in pricking-machines.

To the center of each of the ribs is fastened a guide, A, extending out horizontally on tained at their extremities by uprights A. These guides are turned up at each end and support rods A A roundhorizontal shaft, B, has its hearings in the standards at the lower part of the frame. On this shaft, outside. the frame, is a loose pulley, B, connected with the driving-power. This is thrown in and out bayonet, B", (or any usual. rnode,) connected with the spring-shipperb.

' At or near-the center of the shaft B is placed one or more cams, B projecting on each side of the shaft. On the sameshaft, near the rear standard, is awheel, B, around the periphery of which an eccentric groove runs. Nearthe front standard is a cam, B for pricking, and shifting the clamp. These cams are all so formed as to give the motions hereinafterde scribed. Theyare made with bosses and set- Directlyunder the guides on the base of the machinea're'thefulcra of the arms 0. These s also shown in Fig. 3.)

to the ribs A, and at the point opposite the center' of the shaft there is a friction-roller attached to each, against which thecam B acts.

Cords D are attached to the upper ends of these arms, which cross under. the .clampand are connected with theislides 'Da Another cord. passes from each ofthese;-.slides over a pulley, d, at Qtheend of the guide down to a weight, D. this weight, if desirable.) A Vitl'lfltlOll of this part of the machine is shownin' Fig. 3. The arms 0 extend up through a: slot which runsthe whole length of the guide, andthe piece D is firmly attached thereto, instead of sliding on the rod Aiwhich is in that caseomittedfi The. arrangement below is reversed, so'that' the cam B draws the arm up to the center. This is effected -by a bar,'C-, connected with .the arm and'passing over or under the shaft having a friction-pulley on its ends, against which the cam on the side of the shaft opposite the -j This arm may be guided horizon-, tally by the slot 0'. \Vhenspring-pinchers are used, the weight 'D* may be substituted for l).

arm acts.

The guide in this modification is curved to conform to the movement of the pinchers. In

all other respects the machine islike that first described. I

Pinchers E .are connected with theslidesior i pieces D, so as to be perfectly steady,- but hava l ing a lateral motion at right angles to that of i the slides. The under half of the pinchers,

may e formed into a spring behind the joint. This springs acts upon the upperhalf and keeps the jaws. closed. The upperjaw hasa groove on its face running lengthwise, to receive the needle and hold it steady. It also has a-projection, e, for opening the jaws, as hereinafter described.

Fig. 4 is a modification of the pinchersjto,

The lower half onlyf extends out to the joint, the upper half pro- .jectiug'beyond and turning down at right a'ngles. To the lower end'is attached the strap V dispense with the spring.

which is connected with the weight D". (This Frames F are attached to the ribs at the p oi nt -whe're the'guides' join them. In these frames slide-shifters G 'over the pinchers, when they are brought up to the center,and having pro- (A spring may be substituted for whicg is connected with the slide or piece D, V

, on the top of which and jcct-ions estending down nearly'to the piece formedat its other end, into'which the thread 1), between-which the pinchers are received. A rod, 9, is connected with each of these shift ers, which runsthrough the side of the frame and through a. slot in the top of an upright lever, H or H, and having'set-screws on each side of thisylever, so as to regulate the vibrations of the shifter for any length of stitch. The levers Hand Hextend down, one on each side of the wheel 13*. Opposite the center of the shaft studs project fromthem and enter the groove in the periphery of the wheel B. A rack, a, is formed on the under side of the cl amp A. Onthe up right arm of a bent lever, a, the arms of which are at right angles to each other, is a pawl, a, which is held'up against the rack by a spring, a, which also serves to keep the bent lever back to its place.

(This is shown in part in dotted lines in Fig. 2, and the entirearrangement is delineated separately in Fig. 5.) The horizontal arniof the bent lever lies on the top of the cross-brace A, and is connected with it by its fulcrum at a"; To the otherend of this arm is attached arod, a, which extends down through eyes in 'which it slides to the cam B Instead of the above arrangement, an endless screw or wornrwheel maybe used to move the clamp, the thread of which is so shaped that it will only give motion to the clamp during a small part of its revolution. Vhen' the machine is required to back-stitch, the so as to cause the clamp to recede half the disthrcad of the screw has a backward turn,

tance of its' progression every other stitch. (The form of the thread of these screws is shownrln the diagrams, Fig. 6, in which the screw is represented as unroll ed. 00 is for stitching, :0 for back-stitching.')' This screw can be connected with the shaft 13' on any of the common ways well known to mechanics, and works into the rack on the clamp. Two standards, I l', are fastened to the front end of the ribs, just level with the upper edge of :the clamp are two horizontal rollers, 1' These rollers may be made to approach or recede from each other by meansofv screws, if necessary,

Between the rollers and the frames F is the, picker. On top of-the standard K an awlholder, k, slides horizentally on a level with the top of the clamp. In this is inserted the awl. At .the outer endlv ofthis awl-holder k an, upright lever, 7.", is attached, which extends down past the cam 13", which acts upon it. The fulcrum of this lever is at k, aud,near the lower end is a spring, 75., which draws it toward the cam.

Fig. 7 is the needle to be used in this machine.- l'rom the ccnter to a point at each end. At the center is drilled the eye, which may have a countersink and groove on one or both sides. A. leader, 1:, made of small wire, may be'used, if necessary, when the thread is found to wear too fast. This leaderis riveted into the eye of the needle, soa'sto turn, and has an eye It is made of steel, gradually tapered is fastened.

When the machine is used with one needle,

the pi nchers are not allowed a lateral motion,

I (the shifters G, frames F, andupri'ght levers H H, and wheel B are dispensed 'with,) one arm only is allowed to vibrateat atime. This 'will bercadily perceived without further lllllS- tration.

Operation: Asthe cam-shaft revolves the.

cam B acts on the arms 0 andbrings the pinchers up to the center, one being just twostitches behind the other. The pinchers enter between the P j ions on the shifters, and-run the needle through the leather till theprogectlon e' brikes the shifter and opens the aws, thus.

relieving the needle. At this instant the groove on the wh'eel,B* changes the lever forward and H in the opposite direction. Tlns,through .seize the needles and draw them out to the length of the thread. 3 \Vhile the thread is being drawn out the cam B strikes the rod a, which communicates its motion by means of the bent lever and pawl to the clamp, progressifng it'one stitch, and immediately after the same cam throwsout the lower end of the lever I and forces the awl through the leather.

The apparatus for stopping the machine is as follows: Near the outer end of the guide A.*, Fig. 3,. is an upright lever, l, the fulcrum of which is on the guide. About two inches from; the frame there is-another lever l, the top ot which is forked. The fulcrum of this lever is on a piece extending below the guide. These levers are connected by a rod, Z, which is attached to lbelow the fulcrum and to Z above To the inner end of this red is the fulcrmn. jointeda connecting-wire, Z, wlnch couples .it with the bell-crank Z on top of the brace A.

From this bell-crank a cord extends down tov a hook, Z ongthe lower extremity of'a vertical lever, I, nearly opposite the top of the wheel B, on the side of which is a stud, b. The lever 1 turns on a pivot at I, and its upper end is turned to a right angle, and passes horizontally through the standard beside the springshipper b. On the side of the piece D is a pin, (2-. Shown in dotted lines at Fig. 3, it being on the opposite side.) When the pinchers are drawnnp to the center, the pin d strikes-the arm 1 of the forked lever Z and carries it forward sufficiently to bring the hook F- into range with the stud I) 011 the wheel, and also to bring the arm 2 of the forked lever up, so as to be struck by. pin-(l on its return. .If the thread is so short as not to let, the pi-nchers back far enough to strike this lever, the hook y remains down in range with stud I), which, when it comes round, acts on the shipper by means of the lever l, and stops the machine. If the thread 'atany time breaks during the operation, the arm is allowed to fall back so far that the pin d strikes the lever-l, and this will have the same effect, it will be perceived,

as leaving the forked arm forward.

\Vhatl claim as my invention, anddesirem secure by Letters Patent,- is

' 1. The employment of a weight or spring, substantially as herein described; to draw the .needle and thread through the article which is being sewed, so as to accommodate the movement to the varying length of the thread.

2. The combination of the pairs of pinchers',

7 one 011 each side of the work, so as alternately to draw the thread back and -fo1'tli,.as described.

3. For the purpose of working with two needles at thesame time, giving to the pinch-- ersa simultaneous lateralimovement, to'chan'ge the needles from one pair of piuehers totlie other, as described. 7

, 4. The making and using aneedle with one eye and two points, the eye being at or near the In id dlethereof. -5. The arrangement of the apparatusfor stopping the machine, either when the thread 1 breaks or becomes too short, as deseribed.

. J LGREENOUGH: Witnesses:

(mo. Srmonmwn, 

